QUIZ 1

Chapters 1-7 and 15

1. It is difficult to generalize about the older population because

a. aging cannot be defined only chronologically.
b. the older population is tremendously diverse.
c. a person's biological age may differ from their psychological age.
d. all of the above.

2. Demands that the social and physical environment place on the individual are known as

a. environmental congruence.
b. environmental press.
c. transactions.
d. dynamic interactions.

3. The maximum lifespan, 120 years for humans, has increased significantly since 1900.

a. true
b. false

4. The segment of our society that is most rapidly increasing in numbers is:

a. teenagers.
b. those 50-65 years old.
c. those 65-75 years old.
d. those 85+ years old.

5. In order to understand age changes rather than age differences, it is necessary to conduct

a. longitudinal research.
b. cross sectional research.
c. cross-cultural research.
d. long-lasting studies of different ethnic groups.

6. Old age in Colonial America was characterized by

a. veneration toward elders.
b. considerable affection or love for elders.
c. low status of elders.
d. frequent interaction between young and old.
e. none of the above.

7. According to modernization theory, old age becomes more venerated in society as the culture becomes more modern.

a. true
b. false

8. According to the free radical theory, the aging process may be slowed down with the ingestion of

a. Vitamin A.
b. Vitamin E.
c. Vitamin D.
d. Lecithin.

9. All of the following changes occur in body composition with advancing age except

a. an increase in the proportion of fat.
b. an increase in fibrous material.
c. an increase in the sodium/potassium ratio.
d. an increase in the proportion of water.

10. Physical training among sedentary older persons has been shown to result in

a. increased death rates.
b. significant reductions in cholesterol levels.
c. reduced volume of oxygen used.
d. significant increases in aerobic capacity.

11. Glaucoma results in increased problems with _______________; whereas, macular degeneration impairs _______________.

a. peripheral vision/central vision
b. central vision/peripheral vision
c. accommodation/acuity
d. color perception/discrimination

12. Sleep patterns remain constant throughout the life span.

a. true
b. false

13. Most older people adjust their perceptions of health in response to the aging process. So most older adults rate their own health ________ as compared with other elders.

a. positively
b. negatively
c. neutrally
d. apathetically

14. About 80% of chronic illnesses that afflict older adults may be related to social, environmental and behavioral factors, especially poor health habits.

a. true
b. false

15. As people age

a. the incidence of acute diseases increases.
b. the incidence of chronic conditions increases.
c. older men are more likely than older women to develop chronic diseases.
d. functional health declines significantly.

16. Studies of primary memory and secondary memory in older people have found

a. they can recall less than 4 pieces of information.
b. age differences in secondary memory are more pronounced than
in primary memory.
c. they can recall 7 + 2 pieces of information.
d. much better short-term recall than long-term recall.

17. The Classical Aging Pattern showed that people beyond 65

a. had major declines in all areas of intelligence
b. performed worse in areas of fluid intelligence
c. performed worse in areas of crystal intelligence
d. none of the above

18. New information that first enters a short-term memory store for a few tenths of a second is known as

a. secondary memory.
b. spatial memory.
c. iconic memory.
d. sensory memory.

19. Studies of learning conditions have found that older persons recall newly learned information best

a. when given opportunity to guess.
b. under timed learning situations.
c. under self-paced conditions.
d. in tests of paired associates.

20. Most people experience major personality shifts as they age.

a. true
b. false

21. Coping styles are commonly categorized as:

a. leisure oriented vs. work oriented
b. problem focused vs. emotion focused
c. escapist vs. fantasy focused
d. seeking vs. inhibiting styles

22. The early research on sexuality of older adults was limited in all of the following ways except

a. emphasis on frequency of sexual intercourse.
b. nonrepresentative nature of samples.
c. comparisons of younger and older cohorts.
d. longitudinal research designs.

23. Which of the following physiological conditions are related to the decrease in estrogen in menopausal and postmenopausal women?

a. hot flashes
b. urogenital atrophy
c. bone changes
d. all of the above

24. Which of the following conditions are common causes of impotence in older males?

a. hypertension
b. diabetes
c. arthritis
d. a and b

25. Compared to their male counterparts, older women's health status is characterized as follows, they

a. are not as healthy as men
b. are less likely to face life-threatening, high-risk conditions.
c. experience fewer days of restricted activity and disability.
d. are less likely to take curative action when they are ill.

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